db nugget (4): Picking the wrong database bites you hard in production

Arpit Bhayani

Arpit Bhayani

Sep 03, 2025 • 2 min read


db nugget (4): Picking the wrong database bites you hard in production. Here are some deeper questions I ask before deciding on a database, beyond just the basic query capabilities we need.

on horizontal scaling

  • can a single node manage your read/write ops
  • how many nodes do you actually need?
  • does your database have a cluster mode?

on performance

  • what is the peak load the database can handle?
  • how does database performance degrade as data grows?
  • does it scale horizontally or vertically for your use case?
  • what is a typical replication lag in distributed setups?

on guarantees

  • what consistency guarantees does it provide?
  • what is the data durability scheme and recovery time?
  • does it support transactions?

on adoption

  • what is the learning curve?
  • how mature is the ecosystem (tooling, monitoring, community)?
  • what is the ops overhead for backups, upgrades, and monitoring?
  • how does it handle migrations and updates?

on compliance

  • does it provide encryption at rest and in transit?
  • how granular are access controls?
  • what audit logging capabilities exist?

and, more importantly, the edge cases

  • what happens when you hit documented limits?
  • how does it behave under extreme load or starvation?
  • what are the failure modes, and how gracefully does it degrade?

If only choosing a database were as easy as following a decision tree. Reality check: it is messy. Every DB has strengths, weaknesses, and trade-offs. The best way to choose wisely is to deeply understand what you are signing up for.

Your database is the backbone of your architecture; choose carefully.

hope this helps.

Arpit Bhayani

Principal Engineer II at Razorpay - building Agent Studio, Ex-staff engg at GCP Memorystore & Dataproc, Creator of DiceDB, ex-Amazon Fast Data, ex-Director of Engg. SRE and Data Engineering at Unacademy. I spark engineering curiosity through my no-fluff engineering videos on YouTube and my courses